चुनाव, वातावरण र हाम्रो सोच Read more at: http://www.khabarsamriddhi.com/archives/2641

यहि मंसिर १० र २१ गते हुन गइरहेको प्रतिनिधिसभा र र प्रदेश सभाको निर्वाचनमा करिब ८०० टन कागजको मतपत्र प्रयोग हुने निर्वाचन आयोगले जनाएको छ । यति धेरै कागजको उपयोगले राज्यकोषको व्यय त बढाउँछ नै वातावरणीय क्षयीकरणमा पनि ठूलो भूमिका खेल्छ । उसै पनि निर्वाचनको समयमा प्राकृतिक श्रोतहरुको दोहन बढी नै हुन्छ । चुनावको मुखमा सम्पूर्ण प्रशासन निर्वाचनमा केन्द्रित हुनुपर्ने बाध्यता एकातर्फ छ भने निर्वाचन खर्च जुटाउन कमिसनको खेलोमा लोभ गर्नेहरु अर्कातर्फ त्यत्तिकै सक्रिय देखिन्छन् । निर्वाचन केन्द्रित सरकारले प्राकृतिक श्रोतको अनाधिकृत रुपमा दोहन गर्नेहरुका गतिविधिप्रति आँखा चिम्लिदिनुपर्ने बाध्यताका कारण प्राकृतिक श्रोतको अत्याधिक दोहनलाई बढावा दिइरहेको हुन्छ । निर्वाचनको समयमा अत्याधिक चन्दा सहयोग गर्नेलाई चुनावपछाडि संरक्षण नदिने त कुरै भएन । तसर्थ, यो समयमा हुने यस्ता गतिविधिले कालान्तरमा भ्रष्टाचार त बढाउँछ नै प्राकृतिक श्रोतको दोहन पनि बढाउने गरेको छ । चुनावको बेला इन्धनको खपत पनि बढ्ने गर्छ । सवारी साधनको अत्याधिक प्रयोग, ब्यानर, तुल, झण्डा, टिसर्ट, क्याप, पोस्टर, पम्फलेट जस्ता उपभोग्य वस्तुको अनावश्यक उत्पादन र उपयोगले अन्ततः प्राकृतिक श्रोतमाथि नै चाप बढाउने गरेको छ । खर्बौं रकम बजारमा जाँदा अर्थतन्त्र चलायमान भई उपभोगको संस्कृति बढ्दछ । चुनावको समयमा गरिने खर्च लगानीमूलक नभई उपभोगमूलक भएकोले उपभोग बढ्न जान्छ । उत्पादनको मूल प्राकृतिक श्रोत नै हुने भएकाले अन्ततः यसमाथि नै चाप बढ्न जान्छ । लोकतन्त्रको प्राण मानिने चुनावले वातावरणको भने घाँटी निमोठेको हुँदोरहेछ । माथि नै भनियो, मतपत्र छपाईमा मात्र ८०० टन कागज र ठूलो मात्रामा मसिको प्रयोगले यो चुनावमा खर्च मात्र थपेको छैन, वातावरणमा भार पनि थपेको छ । मतपत्र छपाईलाई पन्छाउँदा पनि प्रचार सामग्री, मतदाता शिक्षा र अन्य प्रयोजनका लागि ठूलो मात्रामा कागजको खपत हुने गरेको छ । एक अध्ययनका अनुसार १ टन कागज उत्पादन गर्न १२ देखि २४ वटा रुख काट्नुपर्छ । यस हिसाबले हाम्रो चुनावले ९,६०० देखि १९,२०० वटा भन्दा बढी रुख काटेको छ । थाहा छैन, चुनाव प्रचार प्रसारमा धान काट्न, भैँसी दुहुन व्यस्त नेताजीहरुले कतिवटा रुख रोप्नुभयो । वन विभागको एक सर्वेक्षणको नतिजा अनुसार नेपालमा एक हेक्टर जमिनमा १०० वटा १० सेन्टिमिटर भन्दा ठूलो गोलाई भएका रुखहरु पाइन्छन् । यस हिसाबले ९६ हेक्टर देखि २०० हेक्टरसम्म वन विनाश भएको हुन सक्छ । एक टन कागज उत्पादन गर्न ३०० देखि ४०० टन पानी खपत हुन्छ । यस हिसाबमा चुनावको मतपत्र छाप्न २४०,००० देखि ३२०,००० टनसम्म पानी खपत भएको छ । युरोप, अमेरिकातिरका एकदमै इफिसिएन्ट प्लान्टले एक टन कागज उत्पादन गर्न १० देखि २५ टन पानी खपत गर्दछ । हाम्रो चुनावमा खपत हुने मतपत्रको कागज त्यस्तै कागज उद्योगमा उत्पादन भएको हो भने पनि ८,००० देखि १८,००० टन पानी खपत भएको छ । यसकारण हाम्रो चुनावमा प्राकृतिक जलश्रोतमाथि पनि कत्रो चाप पारेको छ भन्ने कुरा थाहा हुन्छ । त्यस्तै कागज उत्पन्न गर्न ठूलो मात्रामा उर्जा खपत भएको हुन्छ र त्यत्तिकै मात्रामा जलप्रदूषण र वायु प्रदूषण हुन्छ । यदि उत्पन्न हुने प्रदूषणलाई रोक्ने हो भने त्यसको लागि फेरि पनि उर्जा र अर्थको उत्तिकै व्यय हुन्छ । यसरी चुनावमा खपत हुने मतपत्र छाप्न प्रयोग गर्ने कागज उत्पादन गर्न वातावरणमा ठूलो असर परेको देखिन्छ । चुनावका अन्य पक्षहरुले वातावरणका विविध आयाममा कति धेरै चाप सिर्जना गर्न सक्छ भन्ने त माथि उल्लेख गरिसकियो । कागज नेपालमै उत्पादन नभएको हुन सक्छ तर वातावरणीय विनाशको असर एकै स्थानमा सिमित हुँदैन । पछिल्लो विश्वव्यापि अवधारणा अनुसार पनि वातावरणीय पदचापको गणना उत्पादक देशको भागमा नभई उपभोक्ता राज्यको भागमा हिसाब गर्ने गरिन्छ । अर्को कुनै राज्यबाट निर्यात गरिने वस्तु खरिद गर्न राज्यले राज्य भित्रैको कुनै अर्को श्रोतको दोहन गर्नुपर्ने हुन्छ । अर्को कुनै देशबाट खरिद गर्दैमा हाम्रो देशको वातावरणमा असर नपर्ने भन्ने तर्क गर्न मिलदैन । वातावरणीय समस्याहरु एकै स्थानमा सिमित नभई विश्वभर फैलने भएकाले अर्को कुनै अमुक स्थानमा असर पर्दा हामी पनि त्यस असरबाट अछुतो रहन सक्दैनौं । कागजको पुन चक्रण गर्ने हो भने वातावरणमा पर्ने भारलाई धेरै कम गर्न सकिन्छ । तर हाम्रो देशमा पुनःप्रयोग, पुनःचक्रण गर्ने त चलन नै छैन । कार्यालयहरुमा उत्पन्न हुने विभिन्न किसिमका फोहरहरुलाई जलाइन्छ तर पुनः चक्रण तथा पुनःप्रयोग गरिँदैन । बिग्रिएका उपकरणहरुलाई मर्मत गरेर पुनःप्रयोग गर्न सकिन्छ तर नयाँ नै किनिन्छ । हुन त यसमा कमिसनको खेल पनि होला तर वातावरणलाई नै खियाएर मोटाउने हक कसैलाई पनि छैन । हामी नागरिकले खबरदारी गर्नुपर्ने कुरा यो पनि हो । उदाहरणीय रुपमा प्रस्तुत हुनुपर्ने नियमनकारी निकायहरु भित्रै पुनःचक्रण तथा पुनःप्रयोगको संस्कृति रहेको छैन भने आम सर्वसाधारणमा त्यो संस्कार कहाँबाट आउला ? चुनावलाई एउटा प्रतिनिधि गतिविधिको रुपमा प्रस्तुत गरिएको हो । हाम्रा क्रियाकलापहरुले वातावरण र प्राकृतिक श्रोतमा कति भार थप्ने गरेको छ भनेर सोच्ने गरेको पाईँदैन । दैनिक क्रियाकलापमै पनि हाम्रा गतिविधिहरुले वातावरणमाथि कति चाप थप्ने गरेको छ भनेर सोचेको देखिँदैन । व्यक्तिगत देखि राज्यस्तरसम्मै सचेतनाको यो स्तर देख्न सकिएको छैन । विकास निर्माणका कार्यक्रमहरुदेखि अन्य नियमित क्रियाकलापलाई पनि आर्थिक र वातावरणीय दुवै दृष्टिकोणबाट मितव्ययी बनाउनुपर्छ । कम उपभोग, पुनःचक्रण तथा पुनःप्रयोगद्वारा वातावरण तथा प्राकृतिक श्रोतमाथिको चाप मात्र घट्दैन, ठूलो मात्रामा आर्थिक बचत पनि हाँसिल गर्न सकिन्छ । साना साना क्रियाकलापमा खपत घटाउँदै गएर नै हामीले दिगो विकासको ठूलो लक्ष्य हासिल गर्न सक्छौँ । सबैलाई चेतना भया । प्रकाशित मितिः२०७४।०८।०९ गते

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Predestination: A wonderful movie

I watched a movie Predestination. I am turned flat.What a movie!!!
Incredible!!!!!
Predestination (2014) is an Australian Science Fiction Thriller Film directed by Michael and Peter Spierig. The film stars Ethan Hawke, Sarah Snook and Noah Taylor, and is based on the short story "—All You Zombies—" by Robert A. Heinlein (Wikipedia).

One of my friends gave me this movie in pen drive and I got to watch this movie, which turned me flat. Its awesome. Its story, narration, script, characterization, filming, acting, everything is incredible. I wonder how the writer wrote this movie. I've watched many science fictions but this was out of track. After watching this movie, I couldn't sleep easily. I spent few hours on analyzing the plot and thanking the creators of this movie.

After I liked it, I recommended to other colleagues. However, they didn't like it much. It doesn't matter. I have been astonished with this. I am fond of watching movies but rarely get chance to watch movies that shakes from my in.

This movie also carries a message that everything that happens in your life is pre destined. You can not alter your past however the effort you apply. However you can change your future with correct decisions today. The lead character has a time machine with help of which he travels frequently to his past life but every time unsuccessful to change the course.

However, I was late to watch this  movie but didn't miss. I also recommend you to watch and enjoy. Free torrents are available in pirate bay and 133x.to.

 

विद्यालयमा आधारित विपद् व्यवस्थापनः अहिलेको टड्कारो आवश्यकता Read more at: http://www.khabarsamriddhi.com/archives/2401

पढेर सुझाव दिनुहोला !
खबर सम्र्दिद्धि डट कम मा मिति २०७४ कात्तिक २८ मा प्रकाशित मेरो आलेख
http://www.khabarsamriddhi.com/archives/2401

Problems in Nepalese Education System: Education in English language can solve all?

Like many citizens, I am also worried about status of Education in country. Education produces the human resource needed to build the nation. Similarly, education also required qualified human resource to run the system. When qualified and skilled people work in a system, the system gets better.
Recently, I got chance to participate in an interaction program related to education. The program was organized by Baglung municipality and head teachers and chair persons of all the schools of municipality were invited in the program. The program was titled "Challenge in Education Sector and Ways of Solution."
This blog incorporates thoughts and views storming in my mind, after participating in that program. Like other people, the participants of the program were also seriously worried about low quality of education in their area. Especially, the governmental officials were very aggressive towards the schools for their low performance. One of them gave a presentation on status of education in the schools and blamed teachers, head teachers, parents and even students for the degrading quality of education in community schools. Interesting thing is, nowhere, he pointed finger to the governmental stakeholders of education (education authorities and officials).
As much as he accused the community schools for low performance, appreciated private schools for their result. Not surprisingly, he appreciated some governmental schools too, which were delivering quality education, in his own words.
Which education is quality education? We'll discuss later.
After his accusations, the head teachers and chair persons of SMC also reacted and pointed finger to governmental agencies and political leaders. They also blamed parents for not taking care of their children's education. Although the interaction workshop was organized to carve future road map of quality education in the municipality, it turned out to be a forum for blaming one another.
This blog is my thoughts on status of education in Nepal. These thoughts have not been incidentally developed in the workshop rather continuously storming my mind from a long time. I am always concerned about status of education, sometimes as student, sometimes as teacher and other times simply as an aware citizen. What I see? What I find, when I ask people, why education system is ineffective. The answer rests in a deep level analysis from multiple angles. Quality education is dependent on various factors. I'd not like to go such a deep, not an area of my expertise, indeed. Here, I simply want to reiterate some simple superficial concerns.
First of all, what is quality education? In the workshop, the governmental officials insisted the community schools to start teaching learning in English language. Almost all, except a few, head teachers agreed and committed to start teaching in English language. Some questioned the ability of existing teacher to teach in English. That's different story. Viewing the mandate of the program, I found that, almost all responsible people think that English language education is quality education. Quality education produces human resources, who can read, write and speak English fluently. They might have forgotten that English is just a language, a means of communication. Though communication is also a skill to develop, it's not everything. People don't develop knowledge, skills, innovation in a language. However, they need it to communicate their findings, which they can do in some other language. Sad part of the story is, in Nepal, now everyone is running behind English. In fact, English is chasing them like a ghost. Knowledge of as many languages as students can learn is very good. But we can't lay the burden of language on them. English is international language, so its knowledge definitely helps students, but it's not everything. We can encourage students to learn as many languages as they can learn. But its their right to learn in their native language, their mother tongue.
In fact, quality education is that, which produces a human resource able to identify the social problems and discover ways to solve them. But we aren't focusing attention to produce such a human resource, rather wanting human resources dressed suit and tie and speaking English fluently. I am worried, when even our policy makers, bureaucracy, teachers, parents and students think that knowledge of English language is everything, they are forgetting the other parts of quality education besides language. I am worried the students are losing their skills on native language. This is inciting danger on our culture, language and ultimately, identification.

I am worried, now the command of students on language has become like a camel. Neither their skill on mother tongue is good, nor on Nepali and nor on English. The children must be let to learn in their mother tongue. Researches have shown that students' learning outcome is high in their mother tongue. A person having good command on mother tongue can learn other languages easily in future. We'd studied about many historical intellects, who had started their education in their own language not in foreign.

For now, this much, I will keep blogging about education system an I want discussion from your side. I think if people like us discuss more and more on such serious issues, it will definitely yield some good impacts. After all education is base of all development. So, education must be first priority.